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Bud set
Canopy duration
Growth period
Leaf drop
Post-bud set period
Active growth rate
Height: diameter
N DF
D DF
F / χ2
P
D DF
F / χ2
P
D DF
F / χ2
P
D DF
F / χ2
P
D DF
F / χ2
P
D DF
F / χ2
P
D DF
F / χ2
P
Popltn
28
582
44.02
< 10 −4
509
21.44
< 10 −4
547
36.11
< 10 − 4
619
42.20
< 10 − 4
497
23.464
< 10 − 4
573
17.53
< 10 − 4
609
13.03
< 10 −4
Year
1
424
297.48
< 10 −4
458
441.68
< 10 −4
436
556.53
< 10 −4
439
263.22
< 10 −4
410
93.455
< 10 −4
444
123.08
< 10 −4
456
1.40
1
Popltn × Year
28
424
6.08
< 10 −4
459
2.55
0.004
437
5.48
< 10 −4
439
7.26
< 10 −4
411
6.913
< 10 −4
445
3.18
< 10 −4
456
2.44
0.001
Genetics
1
NA
54.79
< 10 −4
NA
6.31
0.12
NA
27.22
< 10 −4
NA
92.109
< 10 −4
NA
11.424
0.008
NA
45.39
< 10 −4
NA
80.167
< 10 −4
Model fit statistics
R 2
0.878
0.735
0.846
0.894
0.714
0.763
0.718
AIC
6393.95
6381.67
6751.05
5372.29
6050.42
−42.16
5953.03
REML
6273.95
6261.67
6631.05
5252.29
5930.42
− 162.16
5833.03
We report on F -values for fixed effects and on χ2 -values for random effects (i.e., ‘Genetics’). Significance of random effects was assessed using likelihood ratio tests. Significant P -values after the sequential Bonferroni correction (α = 0.05) are shown in bold. Denominator degrees of freedom (D DF) are calculated using the Satterthwaite’s approximation as implemented in the R package lmerTest. Popltn: Population. Variance-partitioning for ecophysiology traits reported in Additional file 1 : Table S3